I use Firefox, and java plugin works there. I know that Google Chrome has dropped support for NPAPI since version 45, I don't know if there's another way to get it running in Chrome after that. Try Firefox otherwise.
[EDIT] I think I confused java applets with Flash (almost never use java in browsers), it seems that java actually don't work. I have tried some testing pages, and icedtea-web asks for permission in Firefox, but no content is shown. I can see the plugin in about:plugins, so it's activated.
Also, I just found out that Firefox has dropped support for NPAPI since end of 2016, so that might be the reason why java stopped working in the later versions of Firefox.
https://blog.mozilla.org/futurereleases/2015/10/08/npapi-plugins-in-firefox/
Mozilla intends to remove support for most NPAPI plugins in Firefox by the end of 2016. Firefox began this process several years ago with manual plugin activation, allowing users to activate plugins only when hey were necessary. This decision mirrors actions by other modern browsers, such as Google Chrome and Microsoft Edge, which have already removed support for legacy plugins.
Moreover, since new Firefox platforms do not have to support an existing ecosystem of users and plugins, new platforms such as 64-bit Firefox for Windows will launch without plugin support.